You're right, he did - my bad.
Regarding the foam-backed upholstery vinyl - I would think that most of the (fairly limited) sound-proofing benefit of this would come from the foam component rather than the thin layer of vinyl on top of it. Foam is effective against higher-frequency sounds as has been explained, although the foam you get behind upholstery vinyl is only 3 or 4mm thick, so is obviously not going to do a whole lot even with those sounds.
You mentioned right at the start that your bus interior has plain plywood walls - is there anything behind that plywood? If not, you'll obviously get a far greater benefit in doing something with the space there than you will get from the final decorative interior finish.
Jeremy